Problems of Python

1. PyCharm:AttributeError: module ‘pip’ has no attribute ‘main’

解决步骤

打开/Applications/PyCharm.app/Contents/helpers/packaging_tool.py

修改do_install和do_uninstall

原来：
def do_install(pkgs):
    try:
        import pip
    except ImportError:
        error_no_pip()
    return pip.main(['install'] + pkgs)


def do_uninstall(pkgs):
    try:
        import pip
    except ImportError:
        error_no_pip()
    return pip.main(['uninstall', '-y'] + pkgs)

修改后
def do_install(pkgs):
    try:
        #import pip
        try:
            from pip._internal import main
        except Exception:
            from pip import main
    except ImportError:
        error_no_pip()
    return main(['install'] + pkgs)


def do_uninstall(pkgs):
    try:
        #import pip
        try:
            from pip._internal import main
        except Exception:
            from pip import main
    except ImportError:
        error_no_pip()
    return main(['uninstall', '-y'] + pkgs)

2. 安装pyspider失败，提示PycURL how to specify the SSL backend manually.

卸载已存在pycurl
1
$ pip3 uninstall pycurl
使用link-time ssl后端导出变量
1
$ export PYCURL_SSL_LIBRARY=openssl
重新安装pycurl
1
$ pip3 install pycurl
参考

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21096436/ssl-backend-error-when-using-openssl

3. 运行pyspider提示async=True, get_object=False, no_input=False

因为async和await从python3.7开始已经加入保留关键字中，参考What’s New Python3.7，所以async和await不能作为函数的参数名
需要降低python版本至3.6

4. Curl is configured to use SSL, but we have not been able to determine which SSL backend it is using.

1
2
3

sudo pip3 uninstall pycurl
export PYCURL_SSL_LIBRARY=openssl
export LDFLAGS=-L/usr/local/opt/openssl/lib;export CPPFLAGS=-I/usr/local/opt/openssl/include;pip install pycurl --compile --no-cache-dir